Posts from the 'Op-Ed' Category

US$8.5B Bitcoin options expire today: Why US$72,000 is the magic number

US$8.5B Bitcoin options expire today: Why US$72,000 is the magic number

Global markets entered a cautious pause, as investors digested the implications of an extended yet fragile ceasefire between the United States and Iran. The S&P 500 slipped roughly -0.41 per cent in early trading, pulling back from recent record highs while technology stocks showed relative resilience. This moment of hesitation reflects a broader recalibration.

Markets are weighing geopolitical de-escalation against persistent supply chain vulnerabilities, particularly in energy. Oil prices tell part of this story. Brent crude hovered above US$98-US$100 per barrel, supported by ongoing concerns over the Strait of Hormuz blockade despite diplomatic overtures. The disconnect between diplomatic progress and physical market realities underscores a central tension in today’s trading environment.

Across Asia, the MSCI Asia Pacific Index faced pressure following Wall Street’s pullback, while Australia’s ASX 200 edged lower at noon AEST as technology stocks slid and uncertainty over Iran lingered. Commodities offered a different narrative. Gold extended gains for multiple sessions, finding support from a partially weaker US dollar and serving as a hedge amid geopolitical volatility.

Corporate earnings added another layer of complexity. Tesla reported strong profitability metrics, yet investors adopted a wait-and-see stance ahead of results from other technology giants. Monetary policy considerations also shifted. Fresh inflation data prompted markets to reassess the Federal Reserve’s interest-rate trajectory, adding to a cautious tone.

Bitcoin mirrored this environment of heightened uncertainty. The leading cryptocurrency traded between US$78,000 and US$79,000 on April 24, exhibiting sharp volatility as US$8.5 billion in options contracts expired at 8:00 AM UTC.

Recent peaks near US$79,000 reflected strong ETF inflows and whale accumulation, yet the market is now testing resistance around US$78,000, with a mild correction underway. Technical indicators present a mixed picture. Momentum remains strong on a medium-term basis, but elevated RSI levels suggest a potential downward reaction, even within a broader rising trend. Support near US$74k provides a critical floor should profit-taking accelerate.

The options expiry itself warrants close attention. Bitcoin contracts had a put/call ratio of 0.95, indicating a near-even split between bearish and bullish positions. The max pain price, where the largest number of options expire worthless, stood at US$72,000. Historical patterns show Bitcoin often gravitates toward this level in the final hours before expiry, as traders adjust positions to minimise losses.

This dynamic can amplify short-term volatility. Ethereum options added another dimension. Contracts worth US$1.34 billion also expired today, with a put/call ratio of 0.75 reflecting more bullish sentiment than Bitcoin. Ethereum’s max pain price settled at US$2,200. The contrast between the two assets highlights nuanced positioning across the crypto complex.

Deribit’s role in this ecosystem cannot be overstated. The exchange handles over 85 per cent of global crypto options volume, making its data the industry benchmark for price discovery. Institutional traders rely on Deribit for hedging and speculation, and its transparent reporting allows analysts to gauge market positioning with precision. Today’s monthly expiry typically generates higher volume and more pronounced price effects than weekly contracts. Understanding these mechanics matters because options expiries create predictable market dynamics.

In the hours before expiry, traders close or roll positions, boosting trading volume and potentially pushing spot prices toward max pain. Sharp moves often occur within two to three hours of expiry, while gamma squeezes can amplify directional moves when large option positions force market makers to hedge.

This expiry unfolds against a backdrop of growing institutional adoption. Spot Bitcoin ETFs, approved by the SEC in 2024, opened doors for traditional finance and spurred a surge in options trading volume. Bitcoin trades near US$73,000 as of this writing, slightly above the max pain level, demonstrating resilience despite macroeconomic headwinds.

From my perspective, these moments reveal the limitations of applying traditional financial frameworks to decentralised assets. The Howey test and similar regulatory constructs struggle to capture the nuanced dynamics of crypto derivatives markets. Instead, liquidity flows, derivatives volume, and ETF flows offer clearer signals of investor sentiment. The current put/call ratios and max pain levels do not predict direction so much as they map the battlefield where bulls and bears contest control.

Market participants should expect continued volatility as Federal Reserve communications and corporate earnings unfold. The soft landing in late April follows an exceptionally strong AI-driven rally, prompting sector rotation out of technology and into defensive assets.

For Bitcoin, a settlement near US$72,000 could signal short-term bearish pressure, while a strong close above that level might fuel renewed bullish momentum. Ethereum’s more bullish put/call ratio of 0.75 suggests traders perceive less downside risk in the second-largest cryptocurrency. These signals matter because they shape positioning for the month ahead.

In an environment where geopolitical risks, monetary policy shifts, and technical expiry dynamics intersect, independent analysis becomes essential.

 

Source: https://e27.co/us8-5b-bitcoin-options-expire-today-why-us72000-is-the-magic-number-20260424/

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

www.anndy.com
j j j

The US$80K Bitcoin wall: What happens next could define the next quarter

The US$80K Bitcoin wall: What happens next could define the next quarter

Bitcoin emerged as a standout performer in this environment, climbing 2.75 per cent to US$78,402.80 over 24 hours. This move outpaced the general rise in equities while remaining tightly coupled to the macro sentiment driving traditional markets.

The primary catalyst for this widespread optimism was US President Donald Trump’s announcement of an indefinite extension of the US-Iran ceasefire. This development effectively removed the immediate threat of conflict near the Strait of Hormuz, allowing investors to rotate back into riskier assets with renewed confidence. The relief was palpable across asset classes, validating the thesis that Bitcoin currently acts as a high-beta proxy for global liquidity and risk appetite.

The correlation between digital assets and traditional equities has never been more evident than in this recent trading session. Data indicates a 95 per cent correlation between Bitcoin and the S&P 500 over the last 30 days, suggesting that both markets are reacting to the same macroeconomic drivers.

As the geopolitical fog lifted, major US stock indices surged to record-high finishes. The S&P 500 rose 1.05 per cent to settle at a fresh all-time high of 7,137.90, completely erasing losses stemming from recent conflict fears. The technology-heavy Nasdaq Composite advanced even further, gaining 1.64 per cent to close at a record 24,657.57. This performance was buoyed by a remarkable 16-day winning streak for chipmakers, highlighting the resilience of the technology sector.

Even the more industrial-focused Dow Jones Industrial Average participated in the rally, adding 340.65 points, or 0.69 per cent, to finish at 49,490.03. The Russell 2000 also joined the festivities, gaining 0.74 per cent to close at 2,785.38, indicating that the bullish sentiment was broad-based and not limited to just the largest-cap stocks.

Bitcoin’s rally was not merely a passive reflection of stock market gains but was amplified by specific dynamics within the cryptocurrency market structure. A significant short squeeze played a crucial role in accelerating the price action. As the price began to climb following the ceasefire news, leveraged bearish positions were forced to close rapidly.

Data reveals that US$198.67M in Bitcoin positions were liquidated over the 24-hour period, with shorts accounting for US$187.33M of that total. This cascade of forced buying created a reflexive loop that pushed prices higher than organic demand alone would have.

The persistently negative funding rate suggests that bearish leverage remains in the system, which could fuel further squeezes if the upward momentum continues. This mechanical aspect of the rally underscores the volatility inherent in the current market phase, where sentiment can shift sharply due to leverage flushes.

Underpinning this technical move was a robust fundamental narrative driven by institutional accumulation. Despite the short-term volatility, long-term demand remains strong. US spot Bitcoin ETFs continued to see strong inflows, signalling that institutional investors are using these dips to add exposure.

Furthermore, corporate buying remains a powerful force, exemplified by Strategy purchasing 34,164 BTC for US$2.54B. This level of corporate accumulation validates the ongoing narrative that Bitcoin is being treated as a treasury reserve asset by forward-thinking companies.

The combination of macro risk-off events ending and this steady institutional bid provides a solid floor for the asset, even as it approaches significant resistance levels. The market is essentially pricing in a scenario where geopolitical stability allows capital to flow freely back into scarce, high-growth assets.

The equity rally was further supported by a wave of robust corporate earnings that largely outperformed analyst expectations, adding fuel to the fire. Boeing saw its shares surge 5.5 per cent after reporting a smaller-than-expected first-quarter loss and providing healthy delivery projections, a sign that the aerospace giant is stabilising. GE Vernova jumped nearly 14 per cent after beating revenue expectations, underscoring strength in the energy sector.

Tesla also contributed to the positive sentiment, gaining in after-hours trading after beating earnings estimates, although shares later slipped as CEO Elon Musk cautioned about rising capital expenditures. The so-called Magnificent Seven tech names were instrumental in supporting the Nasdaq’s record run, with Apple rising 2.6 per cent and Amazon gaining 2.1 per cent.

Microsoft also played a significant role in the index’s advancement. This breadth of earnings strength suggests that the corporate sector is navigating the current economic environment better than many sceptics had anticipated.

Commodities markets also reflected the shifting geopolitical landscape, albeit with some lingering caution. Brent crude oil climbed over three per cent to settle near US$102 per barrel, marking its first close above US$100 since early April.

This rise was driven by lingering supply uncertainty in the Strait of Hormuz, reminding investors that while the immediate threat of war has receded, the structural risks to energy supply chains remain. Copper prices also jumped nearly two per cent to reach a three-month high of $6.18/lb, indicating strong demand expectations for industrial metals.

In the Asia-Pacific region, markets in Japan, Hong Kong, and South Korea opened higher on Thursday, following the strong lead from Wall Street. This global synchronisation confirms that the risk-on sentiment is not isolated to the United States but is a worldwide phenomenon driven by the hope of stabilised international relations.

Looking at the technical landscape for Bitcoin, the asset now faces a critical juncture. The rapid ascent has brought price action directly into a high-conviction resistance zone between US$78,000 and US$80,000, where a major sell wall exists. Traders are closely watching the US$77,160 level, which represents the 50 per cent Fibonacci retracement level and serves as immediate support.

Below that, a massive US$217M bid wall sits at US$75,700, providing a substantial cushion against deeper corrections. The 20-day EMA at US$77,907 is also acting as dynamic support. If buying pressure sustains and Bitcoin closes above the US$80,000 resistance, the path opens for a test of the 127.2 per cent extension near US$80,723.

Conversely, a break below the US$75,700 support level would invalidate the immediate bullish thesis and risk a pullback toward US$72,000.

The market outlook remains decidedly bullish, driven by the confluence of a positive macro catalyst and reflexive market mechanics. The indefinite extension of the ceasefire has provided the breathing room necessary for risk assets to recover, and strong institutional demand ensures that real money supports these higher prices.

The battle between the sell wall at US$80,000 and the bid wall at US$75,700 will likely determine the next directional move within the next 24 to 48 hours. Investors should watch for a decisive break and close above US$80,000 on high volume to confirm continuation.

Until then, the market remains in a state of high tension, balancing the optimism of de-escalation against the technical realities of overextended short-term moves. The correlation with the S&P 500 suggests that as long as equities hold their record highs, Bitcoin has a strong tailwind to challenge its own resistance levels.

 

Source: https://e27.co/the-us80k-bitcoin-wall-what-happens-next-could-define-the-next-quarter-20260423/

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

www.anndy.com
j j j

Total Value Locked Is A Lie; Now Decentralization Is A Lie Too?

Total Value Locked Is A Lie; Now Decentralization Is A Lie Too?

The decentralized finance landscape, once a frontier for radical transparency and sovereign ownership, has increasingly begun to resemble the very labyrinthine financial systems it originally sought to replace. We find ourselves in an era where the metrics used to judge success, specifically Total Value Locked (TVL), have become distorted by layers of rehypothecation and recursive leverage. When we look at the dashboard of a major protocol and see billions of dollars in value, we are often looking at a digital mirage. This is a series of claims built upon claims, where the same dollar is counted four, five, or ten times over. This structural fragility is not merely a technical quirk. It is a systemic sickness that masks true risk and necessitates the very centralized interventions that the industry claims to have moved past.

To understand how $1,000 can effectively become $1 million in the eyes of a data aggregator, one must understand the modern DeFi loop. In a vacuum, decentralization implies a one-to-one relationship between an asset and its utility. But the hunger for yield has pushed developers and users to create a Matryoshka doll of financial instruments. You deposit $1,000 worth of ETH into a protocol; that is your base TVL. The story does not end there. You borrow $800 against that ETH and deposit it into a second protocol. Now, the aggregate TVL across the ecosystem is recorded at $1,800, despite only $1,000 in real capital. By the time you borrow $600 against that $800 and repeat the process three or four more times, the on-chain data suggests a thriving, multi-thousand-dollar economy. In reality, it is a precarious tower of debt where a minor price fluctuation in the underlying asset can trigger a cascading liquidation that wipes out the entire stack.

This phenomenon scales exponentially when we move from the retail level to the institutional level. The leap from $1 million to $1 billion in TVL is often achieved through the same smoke-and-mirrors tactics, just with more sophisticated wrappers. We are currently witnessing a cycle of yield juicing that involves liquid staking, restaking, and liquid restaking tokens. This is what some call the old economist trick. A user starts by staking ETH with a provider like Lido to receive stETH. They then take that stETH, which is a receipt for their capital, and deposit it into a restaking protocol like EigenLayer. To maintain liquidity, they use a liquid restaking protocol like KelpDAO to receive rsETH. This rsETH is then used as collateral on a lending platform like Aave to borrow more ETH, which is then fed back into the loop. Each step adds a layer of TVL to the ecosystem’s statistics, but also a layer of smart-contract risk and counterparty dependency. We have reached a point where the value in DeFi is more about the velocity of receipts than the stability of assets.

The danger of this complexity was laid bare in the recent crisis involving the KelpDAO exploit and the subsequent intervention by the Arbitrum Security Council. This event serves as a perfect case study for why the current state of DeFi is fundamentally sick. The sequence of events was a masterclass in modern systemic risk. The rsETH tokens, which were already several layers removed from the original staked ETH, relied on a cross-chain bridge called LayerZero to maintain their utility. When a vulnerability was exploited by actors linked to North Korea, the underlying collateralization of the rsETH tokens was compromised. Because these tokens were being used as collateral in leveraged looping positions across the ecosystem, the entire stack became stuck. Traders were left with unprofitable and uncloseable positions. The contagion threatened to spread to every protocol that had integrated these receipt tokens.

What followed was perhaps even more revealing about the state of the industry than the exploit itself. The Arbitrum Security Council took emergency action to freeze 30,766 ETH, which is nearly $100 million at current market rates, held in an address linked to the exploit. By their own admission, the council performed a technical maneuver that effectively allowed them to move funds as if they were the hacker. They did this by temporarily upgrading a contract to override the standard permissions of the blockchain. While this action was undoubtedly taken to protect the community and recover stolen assets, it shatters the illusion of immutability that serves as the bedrock of decentralized philosophy. The funds were successfully transferred to an intermediary frozen wallet on April 20 at 11:26pm ET. They can now only be moved by further action by Arbitrum governance.

If a small group of twelve individuals can, at their discretion, decide which transactions are valid and which are not, we must ask ourselves if we are actually decentralized. The technical answer is a resounding no. We are currently operating under a system of progressive decentralization, which is often a polite euphemism for centralization with a promise to change later. The Arbitrum Security Council is a 12-person multisig body elected by the Arbitrum DAO. Its power is absolute in times of crisis. If nine out of those twelve members were compromised, they would possess the God Mode keys to the entire chain. They could perform privileged operations on any contract, freeze any wallet, and alter the state of the ledger at will. This is not the vision of a permissionless financial system. It is a high-tech version of a central bank committee operating with even less regulatory oversight.

The defense for such measures is always security and integrity. If the council can intervene to stop a bad actor, who defines what bad is? Today, it is a North Korean hacker. Tomorrow, it could be a political dissident, a rival protocol, or a user who simply participated in a trade that the council deemed harmful to the ecosystem stability. When we give a council the power to move funds without a private key, we are admitting that the code is not law. Instead, the council is the law.

This brings us to the broader ethical and structural crisis in DeFi. We have built a system that is too complex to be allowed to fail. Because it is too complex to fail, it cannot be truly decentralized.

 

Source: https://www.benzinga.com/Opinion/26/04/51967206/total-value-locked-is-a-lie-now-decentralization-is-a-lie-too

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

www.anndy.com
j j j