Crypto firms spent $134M on 2024 US elections, raising influence concerns

Crypto firms spent $134M on 2024 US elections, raising influence concerns

Cryptocurrency companies spent more than $134 million on the 2024 US elections, fueling concerns about their growing political influence and potential risks to regulatory stability, according to a report by the Center for Political Accountability (CPA).

The growing connection of crypto firms with US politics is raising newfound concerns for regulators, investors and the wider financial system, according to a report released by the Center for Political Accountability (CPA).

Cryptocurrency firms shelled out a cumulative $134 million on the 2024 US elections in “unchecked political spending,” which presents some critical challenges, the March 7 report stated.

“While the companies making these contributions may be seeking a favorable regulatory environment, these political donations further erode public trust and expose companies to legal, reputational, and business risks that cannot be ignored,” the report added.

Cryptocurrency regulation has taken center stage over the past week following a historic executive order from US President Donald Trump to create a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve ahead of the first White House Crypto Summit on March 7.

Fairshake, a political action committee (PAC) backed by major crypto firms including Coinbase, Ripple and Andreessen Horowitz, was one of the largest contributors, spending more than $40 million to support candidates aligned with pro-crypto policies.

Fairshake and affiliated PACs were active in key congressional races, attempting to shape legislation favorable to digital assets.

“As the industry continues to seek influence through vast contributions and opaque financial maneuvers, the risks of instability, regulatory backlash, and public distrust only grow,” the report said.

The influx of crypto money into politics did not go unnoticed by regulators. In August 2024, the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen filed a complaint with the Federal Election Commission (FEC), alleging that Coinbase’s corporate contributions to Fairshake and the Congressional Leadership Fund constituted a violation of federal election law due to their status as a federal contractor.

Coinbase has committed an additional $25 million to Fairshake for the 2026 midterm election cycle.

Coinbase commits $25 million to Fairshake. Source: Coinbase

“The stakes are too high for us to stand on the sidelines, and that’s why we at Coinbase are proud to help do our part,” the company wrote in an October 2024 blog post.

Crypto’s political donations may be necessary for regulatory clarity

Despite the risks highlighted by the report, some regulatory experts see the donations as necessary for advancing more innovation-friendly regulations.

“As someone deeply involved in crypto, I see this spending as necessary for regulatory clarity, crucial for stability and growth,” according to Anndy Lian, author and intergovernmental blockchain expert:

“It seems likely to boost investor confidence by reducing uncertainty, as seen in pro-crypto candidate wins boosting market sentiment, like bitcoin’s post-election high.”

Still, risks, including “regulatory capture,” where the interests of large firms take priority, may present challenges and erode crypto investor trust. Still, this is part of the organic growth of the emerging crypto industry, Lian said, adding:

“The crypto community’s transparency and decentralization might mitigate this, ensuring fair regulations. While controversial, I don’t find it problematic, viewing it as the industry’s maturation, though public backlash could destabilize politics if seen as buying favor.”

The debate over crypto’s role in politics follows the high-profile collapse of the Libra (LIBRA) token, a memecoin endorsed by Argentine President Javier Milei. The project’s insiders allegedly siphoned over $107 million worth of liquidity in a rug pull, triggering a 94% price collapse within hours and wiping out $4 billion.

Over 100 governmental fraud complaints have been opened in Argentina since the Libra memecoin’s scandal, illustrating the risks of a country’s executive branch promoting “any kind of unregulated security,” the CPA’s report states.

 

Source: https://cointelegraph.com/news/crypto-firms-134m-election-spending-regulatory-concerns

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

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Binance’s CZ Sparks Debate: Should AI Projects Be Built on Layer 1 or Layer 2 Blockchains?

Binance’s CZ Sparks Debate: Should AI Projects Be Built on Layer 1 or Layer 2 Blockchains?

The broader discussion aligns with industry trends, where AI and blockchain convergence is becoming a focal point for developers and investors alike.

Where Should AI Live? CZ Fuels L1 vs. L2 Discussion

In a recent post on X (Twitter), CZ highlighted that the core purpose of such projects is not to develop a superior blockchain. Instead, it is to use blockchain technology to support AI economics.

He noted that while L1 provides greater sovereignty and decentralization, it also demands more effort in maintaining nodes and validators. In contrast, L2 networks offer convenience by leveraging existing ecosystems like Ethereum’s decentralized exchanges (DEXs), perpetual contracts, and tools without significant value leakage to the base layer.

“L1 vs L2…Does it matter if a new AI project is an L1 or an L2?… Is L1 cooler than L2 or the reverse? Old topic, but wondering if sentiment has changed or not,” CZ posed, welcoming conversation.

Crypto analyst Hitesh Malviya argues that L1 blockchain is the superior choice. The analyst advocates this network for projects seeking to establish their own consensus mechanisms, optimize performance, and reduce validator costs.

However, he also warns that despite extensive fundraising and user acquisition efforts, many L1 projects still experience retention drops of 70-90% after token generation events (TGE).

“…even if you retain users, you would only see one category or niche capturing the maximum traction onchain. So if the destination is already known—retention drop, higher user acquisition costs, and niche-specific demand capture—then why not build an app chain using an L2 stack,” Hitesh suggested.

Given these challenges, he suggests that building an AI-focused blockchain as an L2 app chain is a more practical approach. This would allow for faster development, marketing, and scalability.

Meanwhile, Walter from the BNB Chain Business Development team supports L2. He emphasized its accessibility to existing tools and infrastructure. His comment also hints at speculation regarding CZ’s possible attendance at an upcoming Crypto Summit at the White House.

AI & Blockchain: The Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3 Debate

Investor and blockchain advisor Anndy Lian adds another dimension to the debate. In a subsequent comment on X, he argued that AI is most effectively deployed at Layer-3 (L3). He explains that while implementing AI on L1 is theoretically possible, it is impractical due to security and resource constraints.

“AI can be implemented on blockchain Layers 1, 2, or 3… In practice, Layer 3 is where AI is most effectively and frequently utilized, leveraging the blockchain’s strengths while accommodating AI’s computational needs,” Lian explained.

On L2, the blockchain advisor noted that AI can optimize scalability. However, AI is most frequently utilized in L3, enabling a diverse range of AI-powered applications while leveraging blockchain’s strengths.

Meanwhile, CZ discusses AI’s placement in the blockchain ecosystem amid growing interest in AI-integrated L2 networks. In June 2024, Binance Labs (now YZI Labs) invested in Zircuit, an AI-enhanced L2 network that utilizes zero-knowledge rollups to improve security.

This investment signals Binance’s strategic focus on AI-blockchain integration, potentially influencing CZ’s latest inquiry.

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has also been actively discussing L1 and L2 scaling solutions. Last month, Buterin outlined a roadmap for scaling Ethereum’s L1 and L2 protocols in 2025. However, he also recently cautioned that certain L2 networks will likely fail due to weak economic models and poor execution.

These statements further fuel the debate on whether AI projects should build their sovereign chains or integrate with existing ecosystems.

Nevertheless, CZ’s timing in raising this question may suggest he is gauging market sentiment for a new AI blockchain initiative. Given Binance’s investment in AI-driven L2 solutions and the increasing interest in modular blockchain architectures, he could be testing the waters for future ventures.

The trade-offs between sovereignty, scalability, and accessibility will shape the future of AI-blockchain integration. This could make it essential for developers and investors to weigh their options carefully.

 

 

Source: https://beincrypto.com/ai-layer1-vs-layer2-cz-debate/

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

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Binance Founder Ignites Hot Debate on Whether AI Projects Belong on L1 or L2 Blockchains

Binance Founder Ignites Hot Debate on Whether AI Projects Belong on L1 or L2 Blockchains

Binance founder Changpeng Zhao has reignited debate within the cryptocurrency community. The former CEO questioned whether artificial intelligence blockchain projects should be built on Layer 1 or Layer 2 networks.

Zhao, commonly known as CZ, posted on X (formerly Twitter) seeking industry perspectives. “L1 vs L2…Does it matter if a new AI project is an L1 or an L2?… Is L1 cooler than L2 or the reverse? Old topic, but wondering if sentiment has changed or not,” he wrote.

The discussion emerges as AI and blockchain convergence becomes a focal point for developers and investors. Industry participants are increasingly focused on finding the optimal architecture for these emerging technologies.

CZ emphasized that the primary goal isn’t developing superior blockchain technology. Rather, he noted, it’s using blockchain to support AI economics. His comments highlight the practical considerations facing project developers.

Blockchain Architecture Options

Layer 1 networks provide greater sovereignty and decentralization but require more maintenance work. These networks demand significant resources for node and validator operations. Many developers consider this additional control worthwhile despite the higher resource requirements.

Layer 2 solutions offer convenience by leveraging existing ecosystems like Ethereum’s exchanges and tools. This approach allows teams to build on established infrastructure without significant value leakage to the base layer. Development cycles can be substantially shorter with this approach.

Crypto analyst Hitesh Malviya favors Layer 1 for specific projects. He advocates this approach for teams seeking their own consensus mechanisms and reduced validator costs.

“Even if you retain users, you would only see one category or niche capturing the maximum traction onchain,” Malviya noted. He warned that many Layer 1 projects experience 70-90% user retention drops after token generation events.

Given these challenges, Malviya suggests building AI blockchains as Layer 2 app chains. This approach enables faster development and scalability. Walter from BNB Chain’s Business Development team similarly supports Layer 2 solutions for their accessibility to existing tools.

Expanding the Debate Between Two Layers

Blockchain advisor Anndy Lian introduced another perspective. He argued that AI is most effectively deployed at Layer 3. “AI can be implemented on blockchain Layers 1, 2, or 3… In practice, Layer 3 is where AI is most effectively and frequently utilized,” Lian explained. According to Lian, implementing AI on Layer 1 is theoretically possible but impractical. Security and resource constraints make it difficult to execute effectively. Layer 3 enables diverse AI-powered applications while leveraging blockchain’s fundamental strengths.

CZ’s timing may suggest strategic planning. Binance Labs invested in Zircuit in June 2024, an AI-enhanced Layer 2 network using zero-knowledge rollups. This investment signals Binance’s interest in AI-blockchain integration and may explain his current market research.

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has also contributed to scaling discussions. Last month, he outlined a roadmap for scaling Ethereum’s protocols in 2025. Buterin recently cautioned that certain Layer 2 networks will likely fail due to weak economic models.

The debate continues to evolve among major industry players. Tradeoffs between sovereignty, scalability, and accessibility will shape future AI-blockchain integration. Developers and investors must carefully consider these factors for upcoming projects.

 

Source: https://yellow.com/news/binance-founder-ignites-hot-debate-on-whether-ai-projects-belong-on-l1-or-l2-blockchains

 

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

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