The Great Infra Wars: How Web3 is Forging the Future of Decentralized AI | Taipei Blockchain Week 2025

The Great Infra Wars: How Web3 is Forging the Future of Decentralized AI | Taipei Blockchain Week 2025

Taipei, Taiwan – Sept 2025 – As artificial intelligence reshapes the digital landscape, a critical battle is unfolding beneath the surface: the fight to build the infrastructure capable of hosting truly decentralized AI. At Taipei Blockchain Week 2025, the panel “Infra Wars: The Battle to Host the AI-powered Web” cut through the hype, revealing the profound technical and philosophical challenges at the intersection of Web3 and AI. Moderated by Lee Ting Ting, Founder of FansNetwork, the session brought together infrastructure pioneers to dissect how blockchain can solve AI’s most pressing limitations, from computational bottlenecks to data sovereignty crises.

The Speed vs. Decentralization Dilemma: Rethinking Consensus

The panel opened with a fundamental tension: AI demands blistering speed, while blockchain prioritizes decentralization, often at the cost of performance. “We all know AI models have immense complexity, and users care about speed,” noted moderator Lee Ting Ting, framing the core conflict. “How are emerging consensus mechanisms being redesigned to handle AI’s computational demands?”

Jiahao Sun, CEO of Flock.io and a former financial infrastructure lead, argued that traditional blockchain architectures are fundamentally mismatched for AI workloads. “The public chain design predates the AI boom,” he explained. “Even if on-chain transaction speed is fast, a single consensus layer cannot solve the demands of AI.” Sun’s solution lies in modular consensus: “We’re using a multiple and modular consensus mechanism. We built single processors for decentralized storage and computing, but we align all different modules, data service, cloud service, and computation on top of a PoS system. This creates unlimited transaction possibilities and aligns computing with storage.”

Anthurine Xiang of Quarkchain added nuance, distinguishing between monolithic (e.g., Solana) and modular (e.g., Ethereum) chains: “For modular ecosystems, we need a shared data availability (DA) layer. Solutions like Celestia or EigenDA help store data on-chain forever, making it traceable and preventing losses like the infamous NFT storage failures.” Her point was stark: “When centralized storage fails, like when a team stops paying for AWS, your NFTs become broken links. For AI, this is unacceptable.”

JT Song of 0G Labs (ZG) took this further, announcing their new IFT standard (likely “Immutable File Token”): “For AI agents, all data must be stored on our decentralized service and trace the entire training process. This makes data verifiable and tradeable on-chain, a radical shift from traditional ERC-721.” Crucially, Song revealed ZG’s collaboration with China Mobile: “We ran decentralized training for a 100-billion-parameter model faster than centralized alternatives. Decentralized computing isn’t slower, it’s a different paradigm.”

Data Sovereignty: The Privacy Imperative

The conversation pivoted to AI’s data crisis: Big Tech’s monopolization of user data for training models. “How can infrastructure enable true user ownership while allowing decentralized training?” asked Lee.

Jiahao Sun spotlighted federated learning – a Google-originated technique now supercharged by blockchain. “Your phone predicts your typing locally; raw data never leaves your device. But Google controls the aggregation – it’s still centralized. Blockchain changes this: none of the users’ raw data is ever submitted. Instead, we submit model gradients – changes to the AI itself – which merge into a larger model. Everything is transparent on-chain.” He emphasized the breakthrough: “You don’t have to trust a third party; you see the transactions.”

JT Song reinforced this with ZG’s vision: “We’re building full-chain data services. If an AI project uses our IFT standard, all training data is stored in a decentralized manner. Even if the operation team disappears, the AI agent and its data remain self-sovereign and verifiable.” This tackles the “black box” problem of open-source AI: “Models claim transparency, but the data and process remain hidden. Blockchain forces process transparency.”

Anndy Lian, Intergovernmental Blockchain Advisor, injected pragmatism: “Full decentralization remains a big challenge. Security must be managed effectively, no hacks, no losses. But I’ve discussed zero-data AI architecture with Southeast Asian governments. Blockchain can enforce rules and enable fair audits, creating a win-win for AI and Web3.”

The Killer App: Why Decentralized AI Isn’t Optional

The panel’s most heated debate centered on the “killer app” for decentralized AI: Why bother with Web3 when centralized AI works?

Jiahao Sun targeted enterprise pain points: “Privacy isn’t just ‘nice to have’, it’s necessary in banking, healthcare, and public sectors. But mass adoption needs retail applications. Imagine a virtual companion where conversations are secured on-chain. You know no one, not even the platform, can access your private chats. That’s a healing application blockchain enables.”

Anthurine Xiang pushed for Web3’s evolution beyond finance: “Ethereum aimed to be a ‘world computer,’ but most apps are still token-trading. We need diversified use cases: AI agents, decentralized content platforms. Our ‘supercomputer’ infrastructure must enable non-financial apps with mass appeal, faster speeds, more capacity, lower costs.”

JT Song unveiled ZG’s “Air Wars” AI agent marketplace (boasting 2.3 million testnet users): “Agents can evolve, be verified, and classified. This isn’t just about functionality, it’s about ownership. Users control their AI’s data and evolution.”

But Anndy Lian delivered the most provocative insight: “The best way to onboard people to AI + Web3? Teach them how to make money. AI agents that help users make smart trades or generate income will drive adoption faster than ideology. And let’s be honest: today’s ‘Web3’ isn’t truly decentralized. We need Web4, a more decentralized, less controlled, AI-driven future.”

The Road Ahead: Beyond the Hype

As the session concluded, a clear consensus emerged: The “infra wars” aren’t about which chain wins, but how Web3’s core innovations – decentralization, transparency, and user sovereignty – can solve AI’s existential flaws. Federated learning plus blockchain enables private AI training; modular data layers prevent catastrophic data loss; and new consensus models unlock scalable compute.

The panelists acknowledged the journey is nascent. “Papa, this will be a slow process,” admitted JT Song. Anndy Lian tempered expectations: “From a productivity standpoint, putting everything on-chain remains challenging. But give us time.”

The most profound takeaway? Decentralized AI isn’t a niche experiment, it’s the only path to an AI future where users own their data, models are transparent, and infrastructure serves people, not platforms. As Jiahao Sun succinctly stated: “We’re not just building faster chains. We’re rebuilding the entire operating system for decentralized AI.”

In the battle for AI’s soul, Taipei Blockchain Week 2025 made one thing clear: Web3’s infrastructure warriors aren’t just participants in the AI revolution, they’re building its foundation. The “infra wars” have just begun, but the stakes, a truly user-owned digital future, couldn’t be higher. As Lee Ting Ting closed the session: “This isn’t about technology alone. It’s about who controls the future.” With 2.3 million testnet users already engaging with decentralized AI agents, that future may arrive sooner than we think.

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

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The great repricing: How fiscal anxiety is reshaping global markets from bonds to Bitcoin

The great repricing: How fiscal anxiety is reshaping global markets from bonds to Bitcoin

Global markets have entered a phase of heightened caution as fiscal stability concerns ripple across major economies, prompting investors to reassess risk assets and flock toward safer havens.

Investors pulled back from equities amid worries over government debt levels and potential policy missteps, leading to declines in key indices. This retreat reflects broader anxieties about how governments will manage swelling deficits in an environment of elevated interest rates and geopolitical tensions.

This pullback serves as a necessary correction after months of optimism driven by central bank easing expectations, but it also highlights vulnerabilities that could persist if fiscal policies fail to instil confidence. The interplay between rising yields and weakening currencies underscores a market grappling with the realities of post-pandemic debt burdens, where any sign of instability can quickly amplify losses.

US equities under pressure

In the United States, stock markets experienced notable declines, with the S&P 500 dropping 0.7 per cent, the NASDAQ falling 0.8 per cent, and the Dow Jones slipping 0.6 per cent. These moves came as traders digested ongoing fiscal debates in Washington, including discussions around debt ceilings and spending priorities that could strain the economy further.

Federal Reserve outlook and market pause

The broader context involves speculation about Federal Reserve interest rate decisions, with markets pricing in a high probability of a September cut amid softening economic data. From my perspective, these dips in equities represent a healthy pause rather than the start of a deeper bear market, as underlying corporate earnings remain robust in sectors like technology and consumer goods.

If fiscal concerns escalate into actual policy gridlock, we could see more pronounced selling pressure, especially in overvalued tech stocks that have led the rally so far this year.

Dollar strength amid global uncertainty

The US Dollar Index strengthened by 0.6 per cent to close at 98.33, benefiting from its safe-haven status amid global uncertainties. This uptick pushed the index higher to 98.37 in subsequent trading, reflecting weakness in counterparts like the British pound and Japanese yen.

The dollar’s resilience stems from relative economic strength in the US compared to Europe and Asia, where growth forecasts have been revised downward due to trade tensions and energy supply risks. I believe the dollar’s strength will continue in the near term, acting as a buffer against imported inflation, but it risks exacerbating export challenges for American firms if it appreciates too aggressively.

Rising yields and treasury market dynamics

US Treasuries faced selling pressure, with yields on the 10-year note climbing five basis points to around 4.28 per cent. This increase followed weakness in European bonds, where longer-dated securities bore the brunt of investor unease. The par yield curve data for early 2025 shows a steepening trend, indicating market expectations for higher long-term rates amid persistent inflation worries.

In my opinion, this yield surge signals investor skepticism about the Fed’s ability to engineer a soft landing without reigniting price pressures, particularly if fiscal spending remains unchecked. Treasuries, traditionally a refuge, now compete with alternatives like gold, which offer hedges against both inflation and currency debasement.

UK fiscal challenges and gilt sell-off

Across the Atlantic, the United Kingdom grapples with its own fiscal headaches, as long-term bond yields soared to levels not seen since 1998. The 30-year gilt yield jumped to 5.72 per cent, driven by a sell-off that also dragged the pound lower by as much as 1.5 per cent against the dollar.

Prime Minister Keir Starmer faces mounting pressure to clarify budgetary plans, with investors fretting over potential tax hikes or spending cuts that could stifle growth. The pound traded at a three-week low of 1.3375 against the dollar, highlighting the currency’s vulnerability to domestic policy shifts.

I see this as a critical juncture for the UK economy, where Starmer’s administration must balance fiscal prudence with economic stimulus to avoid a prolonged sterling slump. The surge in yields, while painful for borrowers, might force necessary reforms, but it risks tipping the economy into recession if not managed carefully.

Commodities: Gold and oil diverge

Commodities provided a mixed picture, with gold surging 2.2 per cent to a record high of US$3,533 per ounce. This rally gained traction from expectations of Fed rate cuts and concerns over the central bank’s independence in the face of political pressures.

Analysts project gold averaging US$3,220 in 2025, buoyed by seasonal demand and monetary easing. Brent crude oil edged up 0.7 per cent, as traders weighed supply risks from renewed US sanctions on Russia and OPEC+’s reluctance to increase output. Ukrainian drone attacks and geopolitical escalations have kept prices supported, with Brent trading around US$68 per barrel.

Gold’s ascent underscores its role as a premier safe-haven asset in uncertain times, potentially outperforming equities if fiscal woes deepen. Oil’s modest gains, meanwhile, reflect a delicate balance between supply disruptions and demand concerns, with OPEC+’s upcoming meeting likely to dictate near-term direction.

Asian markets and big tech boost

Asian equity indices opened lower in early trading, mirroring the global risk-off mood, while US equity futures ticked higher, supported by after-hours gains in Alphabet following a favourable antitrust ruling.

A federal judge decided Google would not need to divest its Chrome browser, sparking an eight per cent surge in Alphabet’s stock. This decision avoided harsher penalties, boosting investor confidence in big tech. I interpret this as a positive for the broader market, as it reduces regulatory overhang on tech giants, potentially fuelling a rebound in US indices despite Asian weakness.

In foreign exchange markets, the USD/JPY pair rose 0.8 per cent to 148.40, its highest since early August, amid fiscal concerns in Japan. Near-term support for GBP/USD lies at 1.3500-1.3560, while resistance for USD/JPY is at 148.40-148.90. These levels suggest potential consolidation as traders await clearer signals from central banks.

Bitcoin momentum and institutional interest

Turning to cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin rose 1.63 per cent to US$111,342.85 over the past 24 hours, outpacing the broader market’s 1.6 per cent gain and reversing a 2.95 per cent decline over the prior 30 days. This uptick draws from bullish institutional sentiment and technical momentum.

JPMorgan’s declaration that Bitcoin appears undervalued relative to gold stands out as a key driver. The bank notes Bitcoin’s volatility has plummeted from 60 per cent to 30 per cent over six months, the narrowest gap with gold ever recorded. Their volatility-adjusted model pegs Bitcoin’s fair value at US$126,000, about 13 per cent above current levels.

This assessment positions Bitcoin as digital gold, attracting risk-averse institutions. BlackRock’s US$58 billion stake in Bitcoin ETFs and corporate treasury allocations, now holding six per cent of supply, bolster this demand. However, Bitcoin lingers 12 per cent below its recent all-time high, offering upside potential if stability holds.

I find this JPMorgan call compelling, as it marks a shift from traditional finance’s skepticism toward embracing Bitcoin’s maturation as an asset class. Reduced volatility not only draws in more capital but also diminishes the narrative of Bitcoin as a speculative gamble, paving the way for broader adoption.

Whale accumulation and custody shifts present a mixed but largely positive impact. Institutions like MicroStrategy have added 41,875 BTC since April 2025, while custodians such as Coinbase and Anchorage Digital manage about 80 per cent of ETF-held Bitcoin. Exchange reserves have hit multi-year lows as coins move to custody, reducing immediate sell pressure. This centralisation raises risks if regulators scrutinise custodians or liquidity issues arise. Retail participation stays muted, capping organic demand.

Recent data shows whales holding 1,000-10,000 BTC adding 16,000 coins during dips, while smaller wallets sold off. From my standpoint, this dynamic favours bulls in the long run, as institutional hoarding creates scarcity, but it demands vigilance against concentration risks that could amplify volatility in downturns.

Technically, Bitcoin shows neutral to bullish signals. The price sits above the 200-day simple moving average at US$101,388, with the 50-day SMA at US$114,675 nearing a golden cross. The RSI-14 at 45.54 indicates neutral momentum, while the MACD at -1,830 suggests consolidation. Fibonacci retracement points to resistance at US$113,836 and US$115,864.

A golden cross could draw algorithmic traders, but mixed indicators imply a period of range-bound trading. Predictions see Bitcoin reaching US$120,593 by early September. I view these technicals as supportive of gradual upside, particularly if Bitcoin breaks above US$115,864, which might trigger fresh buying. Failure to do so could test support at US$107,271, but overall, the setup aligns with institutional optimism.

On X, discussions echo this sentiment, with users highlighting JPMorgan’s undervalued call and whale accumulations as bullish catalysts. Posts note corporate treasuries going crypto-native, like SharpLink Gaming’s ETH buys, reinforcing Bitcoin’s appeal. Semantic searches reveal rising institutional sentiment since August, with whales adding significant holdings.

In my opinion, these trends solidify Bitcoin’s trajectory toward US$126,000, driven by convergence with gold and structural demand shifts. While global fiscal concerns weigh on traditional markets, Bitcoin’s resilience positions it as a standout performer, potentially decoupling from equity weakness if adoption accelerates.

Conclusion: Safe havens and Bitcoin’s rise

In summary, the retreat in risk sentiment amid fiscal worries has pressured stocks and currencies, but commodities like gold and Bitcoin shine as hedges. The UK’s bond turmoil exemplifies broader challenges, while US futures hint at selective recoveries.

For Bitcoin, the combination of undervaluation signals, whale activity, and technical poise suggests substantial upside ahead. As a journalist tracking these developments, I remain optimistic about Bitcoin’s role in portfolios, viewing current dips as entry points in a maturing asset class.

 

Source: https://e27.co/the-great-repricing-how-fiscal-anxiety-is-reshaping-global-markets-from-bonds-to-bitcoin-20250903/

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

j j j

Smart Factory – A Great Journey from “Manufacturing” to “Intelligent Manufacturing”

Smart Factory – A Great Journey from “Manufacturing” to “Intelligent Manufacturing”

Source from: https://blockcast.cc/editors-picks/smart-factory-a-great-journey-from-manufacturing-to-intelligent-manufacturing/?from=timeline&isappinstalled=0&nsukey=rMp3d9PwExkF38wf5WWjGAzN8sT0y0kw29bxGXgnoTkADOYdQ4OzimEYpygRH%2F7Bk8VQppQHfNZwsooyBIy%2FOC2o%2Bsi%2FrTCRCy80YnwOniixTT9ntafrri1kO1LFNde1Xw%2FTDSgD8hJIt3ibw2qmnZez3v6LOJNtJy0XkNr2%2BeNnkp7%2FQb%2F3fdOOX%2Bp425%2FaFGlpDOXF5pEqr9JOTnZwUQ%3D%3D

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

j j j