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Asia faces ‘costly paradox’ over divergent AI rules in US and EU

Asia faces ‘costly paradox’ over divergent AI rules in US and EU
Asian technology firms are facing a “costly paradox” as they try to navigate an increasingly uneven global AI rule book, with divergent compliance requirements in the European Union and the United States threatening to blunt their competitive edge.
Analysts say the challenge is acute for Asian companies. While the EU has a single, comprehensive and legally binding artificial intelligence framework based on the landmark EU AI Act, US technology-related laws are decentralised at the state level.

For firms building AI systems, compliance with regulations is essential to earning consumer trust, avoiding potentially crippling penalties and ensuring they can continue operating in two of the world’s largest consumer markets.

Asian firms embedded in the global AI ecosystem face dual costs to comply with different EU and US rules, according to Martyna Sucharzewska, a senior technology analyst at BMI, a unit of Fitch Solutions.

“Organisations operating across both jurisdictions must build parallel compliance architectures, and the cost of doing so is not trivial,” she said.

The implications are significant because Asian tech firms play critical roles in the AI space, ranging from semiconductor and memory chips makers from Taiwan and South Korea to cloud infrastructure developers.

Asian countries were aligning their AI rules with the EU’s governance-led model or the American innovation-based approach or adopting elements of both, Sucharzewska said.

Singapore followed a voluntary and principles-based approach closer to the US model to build its governance framework for agentic AI, or autonomous AI, while South Korea’s AI Basic Act was aligned with the EU legal framework, she said.

This fragmentation in AI governance has arisen due to the absence of a global consensus on the technology, a divide that is accelerating, according to Sucharzewska.

A Fitch report released last week on global AI regulation says the Gulf Cooperation Council – comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates – follows a light-touch governance model and has emerged as an alternative to the EU’s “prescriptive approach”.

While the Middle East was increasingly being seen as an important region for AI adoption, the biggest challenge for Asian companies was meeting the “dual compliance” requirements of the EU and the US and different market demands, said Anndy Lian, a Singapore-based adviser to governments on blockchain and information technology.

Consequently, these companies had to bear the burden of a “regulatory fragmentation tax” and a “costly paradox”, Lian said.

“This friction splits Asian research and development down the middle. Instead of focusing capital on core model breakthroughs, Asian start-ups must bleed resources into engineering hyper-localised” solutions for compliance, he added.

Raj Kapoor, president of the India Blockchain Alliance, said that navigating divergent rule books was imposing a disproportionate burden on Asian companies, many of which were creators of AI-enabled products as well as major consumers of Western AI technology.

Lian said that apart from hurting competitiveness, “the danger is that Asian AI plans will become structurally fractured, building Balkanised versions of the same technology to satisfy Western regulators”.

According to Lian, some Asian countries are leaning towards the US approach. Prioritising “ironclad guardrails” through regulations, such as in the EU, over developing technological capability was “an expensive luxury they cannot afford”, he said.

“The core of the dilemma is that Asia relies heavily on the US for bleeding-edge AI infrastructure, yet looks to Europe as a massive consumer market for its digitised products and services,” Lian said.

The implications of regulatory compliance would have a broader economic impact beyond technology, said Raj Kapoor, president of the India Blockchain Alliance.

The World Economic Forum (WEF) said in November that the next phase of Southeast Asia’s digital economy would be powered by AI across all sectors.

“Alongside physical infrastructure, robust AI regulation and governance frameworks are paramount. These policies must strike a careful balance: encouraging innovation while establishing clear ethical guidelines to build and maintain the necessary consumer trust,” the WEF said.

According to a McKinsey report released in February, 46 per cent of Southeast Asian businesses have moved beyond the pilot phase of AI adoption, surpassing the global average of 35 per cent.

The choice of regional countries in adopting the US or the EU AI regulatory framework would ultimately reflect their geopolitical stance within the global tech nexus.

“For Asian governments, selecting a regulatory framework is rapidly evolving from a technical policy decision into a defining geopolitical statement, one that may determine not only economic opportunity but also their place in the architecture of the future digital world,” Kapoor said.

 

Source: https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3355327/asia-faces-costly-paradox-over-divergent-ai-rules-us-and-eu?module=perpetual_scroll_0&pgtype=article

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

www.anndy.com
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How the Gulf conflict recast risks for Asian investors in Dubai

How the Gulf conflict recast risks for Asian investors in Dubai
Asian digital entrepreneurs that once saw Dubai as a safe, well-connected base for global expansion are now reassessing that view after the US-Israel war on Iran exposed vulnerabilities in the city’s appeal as a financial and technology hub.
For many investors and founders from India, China and Southeast Asia, the strain is not just about physical security but also about what disruption around the Strait of Hormuz has revealed about liquidity, credit and market confidence.

Dubai has in recent years positioned itself as a premier global hub for digital businesses focused on technologies such as artificial intelligence, fintech and blockchain, helped by policies including 100 per cent foreign ownership and tax incentives.

But the Iran conflict – during which Tehran has targeted cities such as Dubai and Abu Dhabi with drone and missile attacks – has left many businesses facing not only a security threat, but also higher borrowing costs and greater uncertainty over capital flows, according to analysts.

Last month, the central bank of the United Arab Emirates announced a “resilience package” to provide liquidity support and bolster the banking sector, but analysts said the broader ecosystem still faced challenges in maintaining liquidity and building resilient supply chains.

“For technology companies, the risks are less about physical infrastructure and more about financial infrastructure, especially as broader tensions affect market confidence or key routes like the Strait of Hormuz,” said Rafiza Ghazali, managing director for consumer banking at Fasset, a banking and investment platform focused on emerging markets.

The disruption of shipping through the Strait of Hormuz amid the Iran war sent oil prices soaring by 60 per cent to around US$100 per barrel within a month and spurred severe liquidity crunches in the freight market. It also increased operational risks and regulatory compliance challenges.

While a shaky US-Iran ceasefire has allayed some investor concerns, uncertainty remains about whether this pact will hold and lead to a complete reopening of the Strait of Hormuz.

“While it is difficult to precisely predict outcomes at this stage, any constraints are likely to be episodic and sentiment-driven rather than sustained,” Ghazali said. “I would view this more as a stress test rather than a structural shift.”

The demand for cross-border financial services would remain over the longer term, he said, adding that companies that had built strong fundamentals would remain resilient.

Dubai has attracted substantial amounts of Asian capital in recent years, with India the biggest single source of foreign direct investment into the emirate in 2024, accounting for 21.5 per cent of total inflows, according to official data. Dubai said total FDI reached 52.3 billion dirhams (US$14 billion) last year.

Many Asian financial and digital firms now use Dubai as a base for expansion across the Middle East, Africa and South Asia, often setting up in the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), the city’s main financial hub. DIFC says it serves a 77-country region and hosts more than 1,670 innovation and tech firms.

Some have expanded their presence there in recent months, including India’s Juspay, which opened its regional headquarters in DIFC in February, and Singapore-based Dymon Asia Capital, which opened its first Middle East office in Dubai in late 2024.

The war with Iran has also disrupted critical transport infrastructure, with Dubai International Airport temporarily suspending some operations after drone incidents and Jebel Ali Port, one of the world’s busiest, facing stoppages after attack-related damage and debris.

“Most critically, digital infrastructure such as data centres and cloud services has been directly targeted, threatening service continuity,” said Anndy Lian, a Singapore-based adviser to governments on blockchain and IT.

The six-week conflict was already beginning to shift sentiment among a section of Asian investors, though most saw the situation as a temporary setback rather than a permanent strategic shift, he added.

“Investor sentiment has shifted towards capital flight, with some wealthy Asians relocating liquid assets to Singapore or Hong Kong,” he said, adding that other locations such as India and select European gateways had also gained attention.

Business resilience

Lian said the overall resilience of the business ecosystem for investors in the UAE remained strong, although a prolonged conflict could amplify risks for Asian investment portfolios in the region.

“At this stage, you’re realistically looking at 20 to 40 per cent of previously accessible capital becoming difficult to access,” said Raj Kapoor, president of the India Blockchain Alliance, adding that this would affect start-ups at a growth stage, real estate players and venture capital firms in particular.

“If the conflict is short-lived, markets would normalise quickly and most of this capital ‘comes back,’ he said.

The key issue was not any single threat, but how multiple risks occurring simultaneously due to geopolitics and security exposure were amplifying impact and uncertainty, Kapoor said.

“Dubai has long been viewed as insulated from regional conflict, but recent Iranian threats and strikes targeting Gulf infrastructure, including energy assets and data centres, have tested that assumption,” he added.

Investors remain hopeful that the situation will eventually stabilise.

Sunyong Hwang, CEO of Abu Dhabi-based blockchain company NEXPACE, said the Gulf region had built itself into a meaningful destination for Asian digital entrepreneurs and investors because of regulatory clarity and government-led digital investment with a long-term vision.

“Geopolitical uncertainty tests those foundations, and we continue to monitor developments closely,” he said.

“From our perspective, however, our global headquarter presence in Abu Dhabi has always been rooted in long-term strategic orientation. That calculus does not change in the face of short-term disruption.”

 

Source: https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3349694/how-gulf-conflict-recast-risks-asian-investors-dubai?module=perpetual_scroll_0&pgtype=article

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

www.anndy.com
j j j

Asian markets flash red while US stocks climb, Bitcoin rebound: The divergence explained

Asian markets flash red while US stocks climb, Bitcoin rebound: The divergence explained

Markets found their footing today as a surprising burst of strength in American manufacturing activity recalibrated investor expectations across asset classes. The US ISM manufacturing survey for January delivered an unexpected leap from 47.9 in December to 52.6, well above the 48.5 estimate and the highest level since August 2022.

This single data point acted as an anchor for risk sentiment, lifting US equities: the Dow Jones climbed 1.05 per cent, the S&P 500 added 0.54 per cent, and the Nasdaq gained 0.56 per cent. Chipmakers and AI-related companies led the advance, while smaller-cap stocks surged sharply, reflecting a broadening of market participation beyond the narrow leadership that has characterized recent sessions. The VIX Index retreated to 16.34, signaling diminished anxiety among options traders even as the underlying catalyst suggested an economy with more momentum than previously assumed.

This resilience in risk assets despite stronger economic data presents a nuanced picture of market psychology. Typically robust manufacturing numbers would pressure equity valuations by reinforcing expectations of higher-for-longer interest rates, yet Treasury yields absorbed the news with measured moves. The two-year yield rose 4.9 basis points to 3.572 per cent while the ten-year climbed 4.2 basis points to 4.277 per cent. The modest rate repricing suggests investors are separating near-term data strength from a firmly entrenched expectation of Federal Reserve easing later this year. Markets appear to be pricing a pause in early 2026, coinciding with Jerome Powell’s scheduled departure as Fed Chair in May, followed by two anticipated rate reductions in the second and third quarters. This forward-looking stance allows equities to rally on current strength while bonds gradually reposition in anticipation of eventual monetary accommodation.

The US dollar capitalised on this dynamic, strengthening against all G10 currencies with the Dollar Index climbing 0.66 per cent to 97.632. The greenback’s advance drew additional support from a pronounced sell-off in precious metals as investors rotated out of traditional safe havens. Gold tumbled 4.8 per cent to 4661 dollars per ounce while silver plunged 7 per cent to 79 dollars per ounce. This flight from metals into dollars created a self-reinforcing cycle of dollar strength visible in major pairs. The euro weakened against the dollar, closing at 1.1791, down 0.5 per cent, while the Japanese yen extended its decline, with USD/JPY rising 0.55 per cent to 155.63. Concerns about fiscal sustainability following projections of a strong election win for Japanese Prime Minister Takaichi added pressure on the yen, creating a divergence between US and Japanese monetary trajectories.

Commodities faced headwinds beyond the dollar’s strength. Brent crude fell 4.4 per cent to settle at 66 dollars per barrel as easing tensions between the US and Iran removed a geopolitical premium from oil prices. This move aligned with a cautiously negative outlook for crude given its sensitivity to diplomatic developments.

Meanwhile, the cryptocurrency market staged a technical rebound, rising 2.65 per cent to a total valuation of 2.64 trillion dollars. This recovery followed a violent weekend deleveraging event that flushed over two and a half billion dollars in liquidations, primarily from overextended long positions. The bounce reflected an oversold condition rather than a fundamental shift with Bitcoin’s correlation to the S&P 500 holding at 85 per cent, underscoring the macro-driven nature of the move. Select altcoins, including Hyperliquid, surged on project-specific catalysts, but the broader market remains fragile, hinging on Bitcoin’s ability to defend the 73,000 to 78,000 dollar support zone.

Asian markets told a contrasting story opening the week deep in negative territory as regional investors trimmed risk exposure amid the precious metals collapse and crypto volatility. South Korea’s Kospi Index tumbled 5.3 per cent, triggering an intraday trading halt amid anxiety over potential US tariff actions. China’s Shanghai Composite fell 2.5 per cent while Hong Kong’s Hang Seng retreated 2.2 per cent, reflecting regional sensitivity to shifts in global risk appetite. These losses highlighted the uneven nature of the global recovery, with emerging Asian markets reacting more sharply to risk-off signals than their US counterparts. Yet the divergence proved temporary as Asian indices traded higher by Tuesday morning, with US futures pointing upward, suggesting the initial sell-off represented an overreaction to weekend events rather than a structural breakdown.

President Trump’s announcement of a US-India trade deal added a geopolitical dimension to the session. The agreement immediately lowers reciprocal tariffs with the US, reducing the US rate on Indian goods from 25 per cent to 18 per cent, while India eliminates its tariffs and non-tariff barriers on American products. This development signals a pragmatic recalibration of trade policy that could ease supply chain friction and support manufacturing activity going forward. The deal arrives at a time when markets are seeking catalysts beyond monetary policy to sustain economic momentum, making its timing particularly relevant for cyclical sectors like industrials and financials.

My perspective on this market configuration centres on sustainability. The rally in US equities driven by manufacturing strength and trade optimism faces a fundamental test in the months ahead. Strong data today supports risk assets, but persistent strength could delay the Fed easing cycle that markets have priced in for mid-year. The bond market’s muted reaction to the ISM surprise suggests investors believe this manufacturing rebound is isolated rather than the start of a broad-based acceleration. I view the current environment as a transitional phase in which markets balance near-term resilience against medium-term vulnerability, particularly in labour markets, where weakness is expected to manifest ahead of anticipated rate cuts.

The crypto rebound exemplifies this fragility. A 2.65 per cent gain after massive liquidations represents technical exhaustion, not renewed conviction. The market’s tight correlation with the S&P 500 confirms it is a risk asset rather than a diversifier. True stabilisation requires Bitcoin to hold above 78000 dollars and spot ETF outflows to moderate, neither of which has occurred decisively. Similarly, the dollar’s strength may prove temporary if Fed easing materialises as expected, though near-term momentum favours continued greenback resilience.

Looking forward, the path of least resistance for markets depends on whether the manufacturing rebound broadens into other sectors or proves ephemeral. Investors should monitor labour market indicators closely, as any deterioration would validate the Fed’s easing narrative, supporting both bonds and equities. In the interim, a barbell approach makes sense, overweighting quality fixed income with five to seven-year duration while maintaining exposure to select cyclicals and defensives within equities. The recovery remains uneven and fragile, but the combination of strong data trade progress and technical rebounds has created a window of stability that markets are using to reposition for the next phase of the cycle. How long this window remains open depends on whether economic strength proves durable or gives way to the softening that monetary policy anticipates.

 

Source: https://e27.co/asian-markets-flash-red-while-us-stocks-climb-bitcoin-rebound-the-divergence-explained-20260203/

Anndy Lian is an early blockchain adopter and experienced serial entrepreneur who is known for his work in the government sector. He is a best selling book author- “NFT: From Zero to Hero” and “Blockchain Revolution 2030”.

Currently, he is appointed as the Chief Digital Advisor at Mongolia Productivity Organization, championing national digitization. Prior to his current appointments, he was the Chairman of BigONE Exchange, a global top 30 ranked crypto spot exchange and was also the Advisory Board Member for Hyundai DAC, the blockchain arm of South Korea’s largest car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Group. Lian played a pivotal role as the Blockchain Advisor for Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), an intergovernmental organization committed to improving productivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

An avid supporter of incubating start-ups, Anndy has also been a private investor for the past eight years. With a growth investment mindset, Anndy strategically demonstrates this in the companies he chooses to be involved with. He believes that what he is doing through blockchain technology currently will revolutionise and redefine traditional businesses. He also believes that the blockchain industry has to be “redecentralised”.

www.anndy.com
j j j